injure
Primary: verbCan function as: verb, adjective (past participle form)
Past participle 'injured' functions as adjective
π Pronunciation
/ΛΙͺndΚΙ(r)/
Syllables: in-jure
Stress: primary stress on first syllable
Common ESL error: mispronouncing 'j' as /h/ in some L1 groups
π¨βπ©βπ§βπ¦ Word Family
| Word Class | Forms |
|---|---|
| Verbs | injure, injured, injuring |
| Nouns | injury, injuries |
| Adjectives | injured, injurious |
| Adverbs | injuriously |
Main derivatives are injury (noun) and injured (adjective)
π― Verb Forms
| Infinitive: | to injure |
| Base form: | injure |
| 3rd person singular: | injures |
| Past simple: | injured |
| Past participle: | injured |
| Present participle: | injuring |
| Gerund: | injuring |
π Meanings & Definitions
Verb Meanings
1
to cause physical harm or damage to a person or animal
Aspect: action | Continuous: Yes
“He injured his knee playing football”
“Several people were injured in the accident”
Synonyms: hurt, harm, wound
neutralgeneral/medical
2
to damage or harm someone's feelings or reputation
Aspect: action | Continuous: Yes
“His remarks injured her pride”
“The scandal injured the company's reputation”
Synonyms: hurt, damage, harm
formalgeneral
Adjective Meanings
π§ Verb Patterns
subject + injure + object
“The fall injured his back”
Note: Most common pattern
Transitivity
Type: transitive
Passive possible: Yes
Passive examples:
“Three workers were injured in the explosion”
π€ Collocations
Verb + Noun
Adjective + Noun
β οΈ Common Errors
β He injures himself yesterdayββ He injured himself yesterday
Past tense required for completed action
Common for: Languages without past tense marking
Medium impact
β The car was damage and I injuredββ The car was damaged and I was injured
Passive voice required
π Etymology
Origin: Middle English 'enjuren' from Anglo-French 'enjourer'
Original meaning: “to wrong, harm, or damage”
Development: Developed from Latin 'iniuria' meaning wrongful act, injury
Related words in other languages: Latin 'iniuria', French 'injure'
π Register & Frequency
Frequency: top 5000 words
Spoken: common
Written: common
Academic: common in medical/legal contexts
Business: common in workplace safety contexts
Formality: neutral